all与every与each的区别(与)

首页常识更新时间:2023-01-07 01:50:33

​一、从强调的侧重点来区分

三者都可用来概括全体,但强调重点不同:all(全部)是整体性地考虑总体(具有概括性),every(每个)是考虑总体中的所有成员(与 all 很接近),each(每个)是逐个逐个地考虑总体(具有个别性)。比较:

All players were very excited.

所有运动员都很兴奋。

Every player was very excited.

每个运动员都很兴奋。

He shook hands with each player in turn after the game.

比赛结束后,他同运动员一一握手。

二、从句法功能和词性来区分

all 和 each 既可作形容词(其后接名词),也可用作代词(单独使用或后接 of 短语);而 every 却只能用作形容词(其后接名词),不能用作代词(即不能单独使用或后接 of 短语)。如:

正:All books are worth reading.

所有书都值得读。

正:All of the books are worth reading.

所有书都值得读。

正:Each book is interesting.

每本书都很趣。

正:Each of the books is interesting.

每本书都都很趣。

误:Every of the books is interesting.

误:Every is interesting.

三、从主谓一致方面来区分

each 和 every 之后通常接单数可数名词,且该结构用作主语时,其谓语动词用单数。如:

each:

Each (man) does his own work.

各人做自己的工作。

Each answer is worth 20 points.

每题为20分。

Each book is beautifully illustrated.

每本书都配有精美的插图。

every:

Every student in our class is sure to pass the exam.

我们班的每个学生都肯定会通过考试。

Every village has a green, a church, a pub and a manor house.

每个村庄都有一片绿地、一座教堂、一间酒馆和一座庄园宅第。

Every care has been taken in compiling this list.

汇编这份清单时考虑得很充分。

若后接两个用 and 连接的名词,其谓语依然用单数。如:

Every [Each] man and woman knows it.

每个男人和女人都知道此事。

Each disk and partition is shown with current usage information.

每一个磁盘和分区以及它们的使用情况都被显示出来。

但是,each 可用于复数主语后作同位语,后面的谓语用复数。如:

The students each have a dictionary.

学生每人有一本字典。

We each have our own car.

我们各人都有自己的汽车。

They each have their own email address.

他们每个人都有自己的电子邮件地址。

四、从所涉及的范围来区分

each 指两者或两者以上的“每个”,every 指三者或三者以上“每个”,因此指两者时只能用 each。如:

He has books in each hand.

他两只手都拿着书。

There are trees on each side of the road.

路两边都有树。

Two boys entered. Each was carrying a suitcase.

两个小伙子走了进来,每人提着一只箱子。

五、从所接受的修饰语来区分

every 可受 almost, nearly 等副词的修饰,但 each 却不能。如:

Almost every family in the village owns a television.

村上几乎每家都有电视机。

Nearly every child in the school passed the swimming test.

这所学校几乎每一个儿童游泳都及格了。

差不多每个学生都读过这本书。

正:Almost every student has read the book.

误:Almost each student has read the book.

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